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What are the general types of ship inspection?

2022-08-03 17:16:16
times

The technical supervision and inspection of the ship by the ship survey institution. The ship inspection casting manufacturer believes that its purpose is to make the ship have the technical conditions for safe navigation. Ship inspection is generally divided into ship manufacturing inspection, initial inspection, special inspection, regular inspection, annual inspection, temporary inspection, ship classification inspection, ship product inspection and other notarization inspections. The scope and contents of various inspections are specified in the relevant regulations, rules and regulations of the ship survey organization.

Manufacturing inspection

In order to make the ship meet the requirements of the ship specifications and relevant regulations in all aspects, the ship survey institution starts from reviewing the design drawings and technical documents, and carries out a series of work during the construction of the ship, including inspection, test and sea trial, until issuing various ship certificates. For classified ships, manufacturing inspection is also called construction classification inspection.

Initial inspection

Generally, it refers to the inspection carried out by foreign ships built without the supervision of China's ship survey institutions for the purpose of issuing China's ship certificates. The purpose is to check whether the technical conditions of the ship meet the requirements of safe navigation. The ship classification inspection is also called the first classification inspection. When applying for the initial survey, the original ship certificate, supporting documents and relevant technical data of the ship shall be submitted to the ship survey agency for examination. For the ships required to obtain the classification, the inspection institution will handle the items, contents and requirements of the initial inspection according to the specific conditions of the ships and the provisions of the "rules for classification of sea going ships". According to the 1974 International Convention for the safety of life at sea and the 1966 International Convention on load lines, the inspection before the ship is put into operation is also called the initial inspection. After the above inspection is qualified, relevant ship certificates shall be issued.

Periodic inspection

The inspection conducted by the ship inspection institution on the items related to navigation safety of the ships in operation at the specified intervals. The purpose is to check the technical condition of the ship and the loss degree of the main parts to determine whether the technical conditions necessary for safe navigation are maintained. According to the provisions of the International Convention for the safety of life at sea, 1974 and the International Convention on load lines, 1966, except for the initial survey, the surveys with intervals and fixed periods are all called regular surveys. At present, for ships sailing in China, motor-driven ships are inspected every four years and non motor-driven ships are inspected every six years, also known as regular inspection. After the above inspection is qualified, the corresponding ship certificate shall be issued.

Ship classification inspection

For ships that need to obtain classification, the inspection conducted by the ship inspection institution in accordance with the rules for classification of sea going ships. The purpose is to check whether the ship meets the classification conditions. Ship classification inspection includes construction classification inspection and initial classification inspection. The inspection contents are specified in the rules for classification of sea going ships.

Maintain classification inspection

For the ships that have obtained the classification, in order to continue to maintain their classification, the ship inspection institution shall carry out various inspections in accordance with the rules for classification of sea going ships. Including annual inspection, dock inspection, boiler inspection, propeller shaft and tail shaft inspection, special inspection and circulation inspection. The detailed requirements for various inspections are specified in the rules for classification of sea going ships.

Annual inspection

The ship survey institution conducts an annual survey of the ships in operation between the classification survey and the special survey or between the two special surveys. The purpose is to find out whether the technical conditions of the ship meet the conditions for continued safe navigation. The annual inspection of the classed ship shall be conducted once every three months before and after the completion of the classed inspection or special inspection. The items, contents and requirements of the annual inspection are specified in the rules for classification of sea going ships. The period, items, contents and requirements of annual inspection of domestic navigation ships are specified in the operating ship inspection regulations. In the code for ship cargo lifting equipment, the cargo boom and fixed parts connected to the cargo boom, mast and deck, cranes, winches and their auxiliary equipment, and movable parts of cargo lifting equipment are inspected once a year, also known as annual inspection. After passing the above-mentioned annual inspections, the ship inspection institution shall sign or issue a new certificate on the corresponding certificate.

Cyclic inspection

Another form adopted by the ship survey organization for special inspection of classified ships. That is, the special inspection items are changed from centralized inspection to planned inspection between two special inspections according to a certain proportion. The cycle inspection period cannot be extended, but the individual inspection items in each cycle can be extended appropriately. The advantage of circular inspection is to reduce or avoid non productive berthing caused by concentrated special inspection and improve the ship turnover rate. All major ship survey institutions in the world carry out cyclic inspection.

Special inspection

The ship inspection organization is a kind of inspection that comprehensively inspects the technical status of ships with classification after the expiration of the classification certificate. The purpose is to determine whether the technical status of the ship can continue to meet the requirements of classification. The interval of special inspection is generally four years, and can be extended for one year under special circumstances; For ships whose technical conditions basically meet the classification requirements, but there are some allowable deficiencies, they can be shortened appropriately according to the specific conditions. The items, contents and requirements of special inspection are specified in the ship classification rules issued by the ship survey institutions of various countries. Special inspection can be replaced by circular inspection. After passing the special inspection, a new classification certificate shall be issued.

Temporary inspection

The inspection conducted by the ship survey organization on the ships whose technical conditions or uses have changed. In case of sea damage, aircraft damage, change of navigation area, change of purpose, change of ship name, port of registry or ship owner, request for certificate extension, and other reasons affecting the navigation safety of the ship, temporary survey shall be applied for. After the temporary survey, the ship survey institution shall issue corresponding certificates.

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